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Description: | PRN 43747 this record now contains the previously deleted records of 42763, 42758,41881,41877,42210,42202, 42689, 42752, 41871,42762,42204,42759, 43564, 42739, 41860, 42726,41859, 41884, 42753, 41878, 42741, 41879, 45513,43880,43881,43192.
(TF 2600 6902 PRN 43747a) During an evaluation on land adjacent to Southfield Place, Roman remains were encountered. A dump deposit containing pottery dating from the second to the fourth century was identified. The pottery included domestic coarse ware, colour-coated wares, Nene Valley ware, mortaria and a single sherd of central Gaulish Samian ware. Bone, mostly from cattle, was also recovered from this deposit, as was a fragment of jet bracelet. This sealed the remains of a yard or road surface, made up of medium-sized flint pieces. It was not sufficiently compacted to suggest a long period of use. Three worked flints were incorporated in this layer (see PRN 43748). A cut at the southern end of the trench may be part of a terrace which may be associated with the yard/road with a possible ditch between them, although this was not confirmed. {1}{2}
A further evaluation was carried out on land immediately to the west of this site where very little in the way of further Roman remains were identified. A possible terrace feature was encountered on the east side of the area in one of the trenches. A gully, possibly Romano-British in date was also identified. Fifteen sherds of Romano-British pottery were recovered. {3}{4}.
A watching brief was carried out on the land immediately west of Southfield Place during groundworks for a residential development, where features were identified, providing evidence of Roman settlement extending some way south-west of remains previously identified. The features identified were two ditches, a probable ditch, a possible gully and a pit. Conjectural evidence suggested that the pit may be a quarry. Nine sherds of pottery were also discovered - a Nene valley bowl base (third and fourth century), a grey plain-rimmed dish (possibly third century), a copy of a Dalesware jar, and unspecified others. {5}{6}.
During a watching brief five sherds of unstratified Roman pottery were recovered. {7}{8}
A fluxgate gradiometer survey was undertaken on land off Sellwood Gardens. The survey recorded a wide range of magnetic variation. For the most part, the activity indicated modern features or activity. Subsequent archaeological evaluation exposed Roman remains, including ditches and pits. Modern ferrous and substantial depths of overburden impaired the effectiveness of the survey in detecting the traces of these features. {9}{10}
An archaeological evaluation and watching brief was conducted on land off Sellwood Gardens (immediately north of Southfield Place). The results of the watching brief confirmed the findings of the evaluation. The work identified Romano-British ditches and pits at a depth of 0.6m beneath the present ground level. The pottery from the features indicates a high level of activity in the Romano-British period particularly in the early to mid 2nd century, although some of the pottery in Trenches 1 and 2 suggests that activity ran into the later Romano-British period. Three ditches were aligned north-west to southeast, while two ditches were aligned west-south-west to east-north-east. These correspond with the alignments of cropmarks seen on aerial photographs. These ditches represent Romano-British ditches associated with an extensive settlement present to the southwest of the walled town. The remains of five possible ditches were recorded in Trench 2 alone, suggesting that this was an area of significant activity. {9}{10}
Centred on TF 2580 6890 PRN 43747b cropmarks of settlement, field systems and trackways have been recorded. Aerial photographs taken in 1976 show a series of rectangular enclosures, presumably small fields, 40 metres wide, relating to two lanes running along the river valley in a loosely planned arrangement. Further north smaller rectangular enclosures and pits possibly indicate an area of denser settlement with features of more than one period. Whilst further to the north again are two trackways with a small rectangular enclosure apparently contained by a larger one. This complex has been tentatively dated to the late Iron Age or Roman period. {11}
(TF 260 691 PRN 43747c) Several sherds of Iron Age pottery were found at this location in 1968-69. {12}{13}
(TF 2615 6915 PRN 43747d) During development evidence of Roman occupation was recorded, several walls of Spilsby sandstone with layers and flint were noted together with a large quantity of pottery, including greyware, samian and colour coated ware. A worn orichakum (sic) of the 1st century was also found. {14}{15}{16}{17}
(TF 2616 6923 PRN 43747e) A section of Roman wall approximately 60 feet in length was recorded during development. {18}
(TF 2628 6915 PRN 43747f) Several sherds of Romano-British greyware were found at 89 Queen Street. {19}
(TF 2608 6920 PRN 43747g) Several sherds of 1st and 2nd century Roman pottery were found at this location including half a rusticated jar. {20}{21} A rescue excavation produced a quantity of 3rd and 4th century pottery, including Samian ware. Coins were also found including ones of Vespasian, Trajan and Constantine I, there was no record of any structural features being recorded. {35}{36}
(TF 2604 6917 PRN 43747h) Romano-British greyware was found at this location. {22}{23}
(TF2618 6927 PRN 43747i) Crushed floor with straight edge seen for 0.91metres beneath a drive at Rosecroft. {11}
(TF2579 6929 PRN 43747j) Romano-British greyware pottery dating to the 3rd and 4th centuries was found on the south side of the Wong in August 1947 {25}
(TF 2581 6929) PRN 43747j) Several ditches were recorded dating to the 3rd and 4th centuries and a pit or ditch terminus dating to the 2nd century. Some of the ditches are thought to represent enclosures or boundaries, there is evidence of some of the 3rd century ditches being recut in the 4th century. It is thought that the ditches are associated with the cropmarks observed on aerial photographs, which lie approximately 380 metres to the south-east. The lack of structural evidence suggests that these could be peripheral settlement features; this is further strengthened by its close proximity to a Roman cemetery, which are traditionally peripheral to any settlement. {26}{27}{28}
(TF2584 6938 PRN 43747k) A scatter of Roman pottery has been recorded at this location. {11}
(TF262 688 PRN 43747l) A scatter of Roman pottery has been recorded at this location. {29}
(TF 2620 6929 PRN 43747m) A beehive quern and pottery was recorded at this location. {11}
(TF 2603 6922 PRN 43747n) Abundant pottery has been recorded at this site. {11}
(TF 2600 6910 PRN 43747o) Numerous Roman finds were found at the site of the Drill Hall. (30)
(TF 2606 6937 PRN 43747p) Trial trenching identified a number of small features dating to the Romano-British period. These included gullies and a shallow ditch containing pottery and animal bone, an iron nail and a single human bone, a single post hole was also identified. The features were sealed by a thick deposit of dark earth containing Roman-British pottery and animal bone. The features found may represent Romano-British boundaries in or close to an occupation area. The recovery of a human bone implies the presence of a burial close by and previous discoveries of human remains around South Street indicate a cemetery in the area (see PRN 41856) The pottery assemblage is no earlier than third century. {31}{32}
(TF 2617 6883 PRN 43747q) Pottery scatter and a coin of Constans were found here in the 1960s. {11}
(TF 2636 6895 PRN 43747u) Pottery dating to the 3rd and 4th centuries was found together with a single Iron Age sherd. A large Iron Age jar was also found. {33}{11}{34} Banovallum school lies within a documented area of Romano-British settlement, characterised by field boundaries and enclosure ditches outside the Roman town wall. No evidence of buildings were seen during the works: the combination of pits and ditches indicative of agricultural activity, with the ditches on potentially intersecting alignments possibly forming field boundaries. However, the density of artefactual material implies that human habitation cannot be far away. {38}{39}
(TF2610 6922 PRN 43747r) A double ditch or gully was observed in service trench just north of the junction of Mareham Road and Boston Road. Possibly Romano-British in date. {37}
(TF2601 6928 PRN 43747s) During an evaluation, at the Black Swan Inn car park a ditch dating to the Late Iron Age was recorded. Aligned north/south, the ditch contained animal bone fragments and Late Iron Age pottery, plus two probably intrusive sherds of Romano-British pottery. It is possible that this feature may relate to ditched enclosures identified by aerial photography approximately 250m south-west of the site. A pit was also recorded, which was stratigraphically earlier than the late 1st/early 2nd centuries, and therefore may be Late Iron Age in date. Several later features were identified. A ditch, aligned north-west to south-east, was recut at least twice and remained in use until the late 1st/early 2nd century. Possible metalling may indicate a Romano-British pathway, possibly leading south-west to agricultural enclosure cropmarks, but this is purely conjectural, as superficial analysis suggests accidental compaction over time. Two ditch features, aligned east to west and with undercutting sides, may have been components of the same feature, forming the north-east corner of a double-ditched enclosure. These features are unlikely to have been contemporary with the above ditch, as they are different in form, and if they stayed on the same alignment they would transect the above ditch. This may indicate a change in land use or ownership during the Roman period. Two further ditches, aligned east-west, were dated to the mid 3rd century or later from finds. A Roman toilet spoon was recovered from the very top of one of these ditches. A pit was also recorded which was stratigraphically earlier than the late 1st/early 2nd centuries, but no artefacts were recovered to assist in dating of this feature. {40}{41}
A watching brief centred on TF 2601 6928 (PRN 43747s) was undertaken revealing a series of ditches and pits. The ditches were probably of the Late Iron age to Roman period and that they served a boundary function. The pits were definitely of that date, two of them were refuse pits and the third appears to be a small quarry. Seventeen sherds of Late Iron Age to later 3rd century were recovered together with mortar and floor surface (opus signinum) fragments. This suggests occupation of the site and that there were buildings here during this period. {42}{43}
Geophysical survey centred on TF 2646 6910 (PRN 43747t) identified a number of anomalies, interpreted as archaeological features. Two trenches were identified on site, and pits and gullies, some containing Roman pottery and tile. These excavated features could not however be directly related to those identified during the geophysical survey. {44}{45}
A watching brief at The Wong (TF 25812 69295) exposed a dense concentration of Romano-British features across the development area (PRN 43747u). These features included ditches relating to field systems peripheral to the town as well as ditched enclosures on the edge of the extra-mural settlement. A triple-ditch boundary was also recorded. Abundant ceramic dating evidence was retrieved, spanning the 2nd-4th centuries AD. The pottery assemblage includes a range of domestic ware types with very few fine wares - a fairly typical low status domestic assemblage. A single blown waster sherd was also recovered. It is sufficiently distorted to make the vessel unusable, and is a large unabraded sherd, indicating it is unlikely to have travelled far from its point of manufacture. Therefore it is a strong indicator of the presence of a kiln. This may also suggest that industrial activities were taking place in the unwalled extra-mural settlement. {46}{47}
A further watching brief was carried out during flood alleviation groundworks related to the development at The Wong and located to the south (TF 25915 69039). No features were recorded during this investigation but a small quantity (16 sherds) of mid 2nd - early 4th century AD pottery and a few fragments of animal bone were recovered (PRN 43747v). {46}{47}
During a watching brief on land to the rear of Southfield Place (TF 26084 68991), a small quantity of Roman pottery was recovered (PRN 43747w). Grey wares and Nene Valley colour coated wares were present. {48}{49}
During an evaluation at Banovallum School, several features of Romano-British date were exposed which may have been part of a right-angled field system (PRN 43747x). {50}{51}
During geophysical survey at TF 2578 6910, anomalies almost certainly representing ditches and pits and/or burnt areas were identified (PRN 43747y). These features are likely of Iron Age or Romano-British date. {52}
Archaeological evaluation at TF 2568 6911 recorded Romano-British ditches (PRN 43747z) from the late first century to the late second century, with evidence for Roman occupation in the middle to late second century. A small number of Romano-British copper-alloy coins were retrieved from the spoil heap.{53}{54}
A trial trench evaluation at the northern end of Churchill Avenue (TF 26042 68946) recorded two ditches of probable late Iron Age or Roman-British date (PRN 43747aa). Both were sealed by a thick layer of soil containing pottery (4 sherds recovered) of late 3rd to 4th century date. Further soil deposits and a possible feature of probable Iron Age/Romano-British date were located in test pits in the eastern half of the evaluated area. {55}{56}
Archaeological observation at the same site on Churchill Avenue (TF 26042 68946) identified two shallow ditches (PRN 43747aa) that are thought to belong to a known Romano-British field system, although no dating evidence was recovered. A few sherds of Roman pottery were recovered from a buried soil. {57}{58} | Subjects: | General Archaeology | Temporal: | 100BC - 399BC | Source: | Lincolnshire County Council | Identifier: | http://www.lincstothepast.com/Records/Re... | Go to resource |
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