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Description: | Cast copper alloy penannular brooch, oval in plan and in section, with flattened upper and lower faces and flattened and expanded square terminals with faceted lozenges on both faces. The surface is quite corroded and has recently been waxed, but the lozenges on the upper faces of the terminals appear to be have been punched with five internal annulets, one in the centre and one at each apex or point. The hoop is also decorated with concentric moulded ribs at millimetre intervals, that encircle the circumference of the hoop. The brooch is missing its pin which would have had a flattened loop that wrapped around the circumference of the hoop and would have extended beyond the diameter of the brooch and tapered to a point, judging from similar examples. There are patches of a black patina layer on the surface of the copper alloy which has been moulded and shaped by corrosion so it appears to be an original surface layer at deposition, and is likely organic (Laura Ratcliffe pers comm). The finder has not tried to remove this layer but has applied micro-crystaline wax to the surface so it would now be difficult to analyse this layer to find out if the artefact had perhaps been wrapped in or surrounded by an organic substance.Fowler (1960) illustrates a smaller penannular brooch with a ribbed hoop and faceted terminals on page 151, fig.1, Type G, which is dated from the Early Medieval period, and is also referred to as the Early Christian period on page 149, which we prefer to use in this region.Fowler (1963) illustrates penannular brooches with ribbed hoops and lozenge-incised terminals from Lydney and Castell Collen on page 106, fig.4, nos.3 & 4, which come from 4th century AD contexts, on page 107, but generally dates this Type G to the early post-Roman period or Early Christian period on page 109. She also mentions that this type continued to develop through the Early Medieval period, and refers to the locally found silver penannular brooch (BM no.1880,0410.6) from the Trewhiddle Hoard, found near St Austell, which dates from the 9th century AD, on pages 107 & 109.MacGregor & Bolick (1993) illustrate a similar sized penannular brooch with lozenge-faceted terminals on page 94, fig.11.5, no.1909.256e, which they refer to as developing from the more 'Celtic' Type G penannular brooches, dating from the 4th to the 6th century AD, into the zoomorphic terminals of the Early Medieval period.Smaller penannular brooches with similar terminals may be found on the database in PAS records: SOMDOR-AB3935, SOM-0B1693, SWYOR-503036, LANCUM-0AF673, NCL-030777 and NMGW-FF0EE5 which are classified as Fowler's Type G and dated from the 5th-6th century AD.
Original Image | Publisher: | http://finds.org.uk | Source: | Portable Antiquities | Identifier: | http://finds.org.uk/database/artefacts/r... | Go to resource |
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