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Description: | Scottish cut farthing, of Prince Henry of Northumberland dating from AD1139-1152. B cross fleury without pellets minted in Carlisle by Wilem.Ruler/issuer: David I of Scotland / Henry of NorthumberlandMint or issue place: CarlisleType: David I Scottish border Cross fleury and annulets (N 915)Obverse description: Bust facing rightObverse inscription: [N ENCI] CONReverse description: Cross fleuryReverse inscription: [...]ON[...]Initial mark: illegibleScottish Medieval penny of Prince Henry, the Earl of Northumberland and Huntington, minted under King David I between c. 1135-52.David I got involved in the English Civil War because of Matilda (or Maud) and in 1138 David I's forces were soundly defeated at the battle of Cowton Moor near Northallerton by an alliance of northern English barons. Despite this defeat, he continued to resist the forces of the English ruler Stephen and Stephen having been worn down from fighting a two front war agreed to sign a treaty with David I recognising David I's claims to Northumberland. This earldom was shortly thereafter bestowed on his second son, Prince Henry who was the heir to the Scottish throne. Prince Henry would continue to hold this earldom throughout the rest of his lifetime. His death in 1152 would catapult his son, Malcolm into being the heir of the throne of Scotland on the death of his grandfather, David I in 1154. This earldom had the benefit of its mints at Carlisle, Corbridge and possibly Bamborough (this coin from Croglin was possibly minted at Carlisle or Bamborough). This resulted in a coinage of pennies being struck in Henry's name and the legend HENRICVS COM or N ENCI CON (i.e. "Henry, Count"). These coins closely followed the design pattern of English medieval pennies and thus with their crude portraits and often blundered legends identification is very difficult. As notably very rare as David I's coinage is for modern collectors, this coinage is even rarer. The coinage of Prince Henry presents an interesting situation in classification for collectors, as it technically by way of issue is English as it was issued in an Earldom regarded as English and for which Prince Henry offered fealty to King Stephen of England. However, Prince Henry was the son and heir of King David I of Scotland so for this reason it is classified as a Scottish issue, because had he succeeded his father's reign he would have issued a Scottish coinage.NB: The close up images were kindly provided by the finder.
Original Image | Publisher: | http://finds.org.uk | Source: | Portable Antiquities | Identifier: | https://finds.org.uk/database/artefacts/ | Go to resource |
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